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In this lecture, Professor Zach Murphy will discuss Heart Sounds and Murmurs. We will lecture on the following objectives:
1. Introduction to Heart Sounds
- Gain a foundational understanding of the normal cardiac cycle and its corresponding heart sounds (S1, S2).
- Learn the importance of heart sounds in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases.
2. Pathophysiology of Heart Murmurs
- Acquire knowledge of the underlying mechanisms that result in heart murmurs.
- Distinguish between systolic and diastolic murmurs and the clinical significance of each.
3. Mitral Valve Murmurs
- Deep dive into mitral valve murmurs’ types, causes, and manifestations, including mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation.
- Understand how to differentiate these murmurs from others based on timing, quality, and anatomical landmarks.
4. Aortic Valve Murmurs
- Explore the key features of aortic valve murmurs, including aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation.
- Learn the clinical indications that might suggest the presence of an aortic valve condition.
5. Diagnostic Criteria and Tools
- Familiarize yourself with diagnostic approaches based on the latest clinical guidelines, from auscultation to echocardiography.
- Learn the grading system for murmurs and the role of additional diagnostic modalities like Doppler studies.
6. Management Strategies for Mitral and Aortic Valve Murmurs
- Discuss evidence-based treatment options, from pharmacological interventions to valve replacement surgery.
- Review the indications for surgical referral and expected outcomes.
7. Potential Complications and Prognosis
- Learn about the potential adverse outcomes associated with untreated or mismanaged mitral and aortic valve conditions.
- Discuss prognostic indicators and the importance of timely intervention.
The retired version of Heart Sounds: https://youtu.be/0GrOxM43j5w
The retired version of Heart Murmurs: https://youtu.be/FUf6Y6nGh_s
Table of Contents:
0:00 Lab
0:07 Heart Sounds & Murmurs Introduction
1:01 S1 & S2 Heart Sounds
3:35 S3 & S4 Heart Sounds
9:21 Physiologic Split of S2
11:47 Wide Split of S2
14:37 Fixed Split of S2
17:19 Paradoxical Split of S2
21:37 Auscultation Locations
22:14 Systolic Murmurs
30:28 Diastolic Murmurs
33:34 Continuous Murmurs
36:26 Murmur Maneuvers
40:24 Comment, Like, SUBSCRIBE!